As long as the hash is matched, then it does not matter what the original password was. Additionally, it is possible for multiple different passwords to result in the same hash, pointing out that it is not important to find out what the original password was, just as long as it has the same hash. That’s not the end of the story basically, rainbow tables are humongous sets of pre-computed tables chock-full with hash values that are pre-matched to potential plaintext passwords.Įssentially, these tables allow anyone to reverse the hashing function in order to determine what the plaintext password might be. Not so fast, although hashing is a one-way function, meaning that you can never decrypt the hash unveiling the underlying clear text. For a basic example of hashing, say your password is Apple After it is hashed it is transformed into 865948plpogh76542187629bd1. Rainbow table attacks are by far the fastest method of password cracking, mainly because they come along with pre-computed hashes. For example, if your password is B#h$7yt, the simple addition of symbols and numbers can thwart the success of the attack. However, although dictionary attacks remove the time-factor, the program will not be successful if the password is not in your dictionary file. Dictionary attacks may not crack every key, but it is often faster than brute-force. The downside is will you still be around when brute-force reveals the password.ĭictionary attacks use possibilities that are most likely to succeed derived from a dictionary software program. Brute-force can often be the last resort with the upside being that brute-force will always find the password. However, how long are you willing to wait for that password? For example, 128-bit key running at a billion keys per second equals 340,283,366,970,938,463,463,374… possible key combinations. Brute-force attacks can crack any password, once given the time to do so. It is the processes of recovering passwords in order to breach the security of a computer system as both as a preventive measure and to locate weak links that may be vulnerable to an attack.īrute-force attacks involve trying all possible keys including dictionary words and non-dictionary words too. So, why would we need to learn about password cracking techniques and the very cool tools used to do so? Password cracking plays a major role in cybersecurity.
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